hello !! Maybe you want to be someone who is a computer expert, certainly a lot of process that we go through to be a computer expert. Well this time I will share about How to Work Function and components that exist on the PC. this all too well you should understand if you want to be a computer expert.
okey simply do not have to beat around the bush hhehehe ..
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Image of CPU
Central Processing Unit (UPS) (English: Central Processing Unit; CPUs), refers to computer hardware that understand and execute commands and data from the software. Another term, processors / processor (processor), is often used to refer to the CPU. The microprocessor is a CPU produced in integrated circuits, often within a single integrated-circuit package. Since the mid-1970s, a single microprocessor integrated circuits has been commonly used and become an important aspect in the implementation of the CPU.
How it Works CPU:
When the data and / or processing-instruction incorporated into devices, the first one placed in MAA (via Input-storage), is a form of instruction accommodated by the Control Unit in-storage program, but is a form of data stored in the Working-storage). If the register is ready to receive the work execution, the Control Unit will take instructions from program-storage for ditampungkan to the Instruction Register, while the memory address that contains the instructions stored in the Program Counter. While the data taken by the Control Unit of the Working-storage to be accommodated diGeneral-purpose registers (in this case-register operands). If the work is done based instruction is arithmetic and logic, ALU will then take over the operation to do based on the instruction set. The result is stored in the accumulator. If the results of the processing has been completed, the Control Unit will take the results of the processing in the accumulator to accommodated back keWorking-storage. If the whole work has been completed, the unit will pick makaControl the processing of Working-storageuntuk accommodated to Output-storage. Then the rest of Output-storage, processing results will be displayed to the output devices.
Function CPU:
CPU functions like calculators, only much more powerful CPU processing power. The main function of the CPU is to perform arithmetic and logic operations on data drawn from memory or from the information entered through multiple hardware devices, such as keyboard, scanner, lever controls, or mouse. CPU controlled using a set of computer software instructions. The software can be run by the CPU to read from storage media such as hard disks, floppy disks, compact discs, or tape recorder. These instructions are then stored in advance in physical memory (MAA), in which each instruction is assigned a unique address called a memory address. Furthermore, the CPU can access the data on the MAA to determine the address of the desired data.
When a program is executed, the data flows from RAM to a unit called the bus that connects the CPU to the MAA. The data were then decoded using the unit process called pendekoder instructions that can translate the instructions. The data then goes to the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) which perform calculations and comparisons. Data can be stored temporarily by the ALU in a memory location called denganregister that can be taken back to be processed quickly. ALU can perform certain operations, including addition, multiplication, subtraction, testing the condition of the data in the registers, to send the results back to the physical memory processing, storage, or register if will process the results of further processing. During this process occurs, a unit in the CPU called the program counter will monitor the success of instructions executed so that instruction can be executed in the correct order and appropriate.
Here is one on Component Component CPU:
1. Motherboard / Mainboard
Picture of the motherboard / mainboard
Another understanding of the motherboard or in other words MainBoardadalah main board pcb form which has bios chip (driver program), lines and connectors as liaison access each device.
Motherboards are mostly found in the market today are owned PC motherboard that was first created by the foundation in order to conform to the specifications of the IBM PC.
The motherboard or mainboard is also called the main components of a PC, because the motherboard was the one all the components of your PC will be united. Construction of the motherboard such as a circuit board electronics. Motherboard is a pass lalangnya data. The motherboard connects all the computer and make it work together so that your computer runs smoothly.
How it Works Motherboard / Mainboard:
Motherboard gets power supply from a power supply, where the voltage will be channeled through a power connector. The entire peripheral that is installed with the MB will get power supply hotel.After MB to get power supply, electrical circuit paths that are on the motherboard that connects every component will work. Circuit function provides a place for transferring signals and voltage (power). PCB itself consists of several layers (usually called layer), and each layer contains a separate circuit paths, each path to not need any complicated touch other lines that are not related. The more layers on the motherboard (usually 4-8 layers) it will be the quality, as it reduces the interference ganggungan.
Function mainboard / Mainboard:
• As a tool for installing places Processor, Memory (RAM), Graphics Card etc.
• Link between the components of the CPU by using a cable or directly in step to the mainboard.
• Center controllers that regulate the work of all the components installed on the MB.
• Set up traffic all the data, ranging from retention device (hard drive, CD-ROM), a data input device (keyboard, mouse, scanner), or a printer to print.
2. RAM (Random Accsess Memory) / Memory
Image of RAM (Random Accsess Memory) / Memory
RAM stands for "Random Access Memory". RAM consists of memory chips that make up a memory module. The module is installed in the RAM slot on the motherboard of your computer.
Every time you open a program, it would have taken dariharddisk into RAM. This is because reading data from RAM is much faster than reading data from the hard drive. Running the program from the computer's RAM enables them to function without lag time. The more RAM your computer has, the more data can be loaded from the hard drive into RAM, which can effectively speed up your computer. In fact, adding RAM can be more beneficial to your computer s performance than a CPU upgrade.
To check how much RAM you have a Windows computer, open the "System" Control Panel. This can be done by right-clicking "My Computer" and select "Properties"
RAM functions:
• Serves as a temporary storage place for the program being processed, the data in memory will be lost if the computer is off. Memory works by storing and supplying the necessary data required by the processor quickly to be processed into information.
• The capacity is the most important thing in memory. Where the greater the capacity, the more data that can be stored and supplied, which ultimately makes work faster processor. Supply data to the RAM from the Hard Disk, a device that can store data permanently.
• As a supporter and a servant of the processors in the computing process.
On the Main section section of RAM:
a. PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
main board RAM which is composed of several layers, each layer on layer attached path / circuit to a data stream or as a distributor of electrical power. the cross-sectional area available in designing the pathway, allowing the distance between the line and the width of the track can be set up more freely and avoid the noise interference variably on the PCB. And overall will make the memory modules are more stable and faster performance.
b. Contact Point
adalam part of RAM that serves as a connector to the motherboard, comprising some point and limited by one or two grooves called NOTCH, this indentation serves to prevent a fault in the installation of the RAM on the motherboard.
c. DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)
is a component of the black square mounted on a PCB RAM, as a place to hold data in a short period, and must be refreshed periodically (Periodic). very diverse forms of DRAM.
Type RAM Type:
1. RAM
2. DRAM
3. FPRAM
4. EDO RAM
5. SDRAM
6. DR DRAM
7. RDRAM
8. DDR SDRAM
9. DDR RAM
10. DDR2 RAM
11. DDR3 RAM
How it Works RAM:
By the time we turn on the computer, the first working device is the Processor. Processor serves as a data processor and request data from storage, the Hard Disk (HDD). This means that data is sent from the Hard Disk after a request from Processor.Tapi practice this is difficult because of differences in technology between Processor and Hard Disk. Processor alone is pure digital components, and will process data very quickly (the highest bandwidth currently P4 6.4 GB / s with FSB 800MHz). Hard Disk While most of the technology is certainly quite slow mechanical than digital (Bandwidth or Transfer Rate Serial ATA HDD ranges 150 MB / s). Theoretically, the data processor speeds ranging from 46X faster than HDD. That is, if the processor waiting for data from the HDD supply will be "Bottle-Neck" very severe.
To overcome this situation, it is necessary device Main Memory (Primary Memory) or called RAM. RAM stands for Random Access Memory. RAM Processor serves to assist in the provision of data "super fast" required. RAM works just like Digital HDD, RAM since all components are already using digital technology. With RAM, the processor does not need to wait for shipment data from the HDD. Currently has a bandwidth of DDR2 RAM 3.2 GB / s (PC400), so as not to disturb the current supply Motherboard Dual Channel technology which can double the bandwidth to 2x increase to 128-bit architecture. That means, 2-chip DDR2 Dual Channel mode can supply the right amount of data to the processor (3.2 GB / sx Dual Channel = 6.4 GB / s).
3. Processor
Image of Processor
The processor is the main component of the computer that is designed to move and process data. Computer processor that is often associated with the CPU speed to be able to process computer instructions per second measured in hertz.
How it Works Processor:
How to Work Processor?
Computer processor acts as the main coordinating component of the computer. CPU will access the program, data, or other computer functions from RAM (Random Access Memory) when called by the computer's operating system. The processor will then interpret computer instruction related to the duties commanded before sending it back into the computer's RAM for execution by a computer system bus in the correct order.
In simple terms the workings prossesor point is receiving feedback or orders entered both of the mouse, keyboards or devices connected to the data penginput else then translate or process the data and then issue a command to / forward output to a hardware or software related.
Function Processor:
At first, the processor only used for processing arithmetic alone, like a calculator at the moment. But now this processor has shifted its function leads to multimedia.
For example, the function of the processor is when you want to run an application such as playing songs on a player such as Winamp. First of course you will click on the icon Winamp to play the songs you want. When you click on Winamp, mouse signal to your computer via the mouse cable into your mainboard. Then the mainboard via dedicated lines, the signal is passed through a pathway that will lead to the BUS Main Memory, once registered in the main memory, and then carried to the processor for processing the transmitted signal. After processing the signal processor (check request signals can be met or not), the processor will send a signal back to the other components required to run the program Winamp (such as hard drives, memory and so on). Then Winamp program will appear on your monitor.
Type Processor Type:
1971: 4004 Microprocessor
In 1971 comes the first microprocessor Intel 4004 microprocessor is used in Busicom calculator machine. With this discovery opens the way to incorporate artificial intelligence in inanimate objects.
1972: 8008 Microprocessor
In 1972 comes the 8008 microprocessor that powered 2-fold as the 4004.
1974: 8080 Microprocessor
Being the brain of a computer called the Altair, when it sold about ten thousand in one month
1978: 8086-8088 Microprocessor
An important sales in the computer division occurs in the product for personal computers that use processors made by IBM 8088 which managed to boost intel name.
1982: 286 Microprocessor
Intel 286 or better known as the 80 286 is a processor of the first to recognize and use the software used for the previous processor.
1985: Intel386 ™ Microprocessor
Intel 386 is a processor that has an embedded diprosessor 275,000 transistors which when compared with 4004 having 100 times more than the 4004
1989: Intel486 ™ DX CPU Microprocessor
Processor is the first time facilitates a variety of applications that previously had to type in a command-command to be just a click away, and has a complex mathematical functions that reduce the workload on the processor.
1993: Intel ® Pentium ® Processor
A new generation of processors that can handle different types of data such as voice, sound, handwriting, and photos.
1995: Intel ® Pentium ® Pro Processor
Processor is designed for use in server and workstation applications, designed to process data quickly, this processor has a 5.5 jt transistors are embedded.
1997: Intel ® Pentium ® II Processor
Pentium II processor is a processor that incorporates Intel MMX designed specifically for processing video data, audio, and graphics efficiently. There are 7.5 million transistors integrated in it so that the user's PC processor can process data and use the internet better.
1998: Intel ® Pentium II Xeon ® Processor
Processor is made for the needs of the application server. Intel when it wants to meet its strategy to deliver a processor that is unique to a particular market.
1999: Intel ® Celeron ® Processor
Processor Intel Celeron processor which is issued as a processor intended for users who do not really need a faster processor performance for users who want to build a computer system with a budget (prices) are not too large. Intel Celeron processor has the same shape and formfactor with an Intel Pentium type, but only to the instructions a little more, the L2 cache is smaller, the speed (clock speed) is slower, and cheaper than Intel Pentium type. With the release of the Intel Celeron processor provides the processor back to a particular market.
1999: Intel ® Pentium ® III Processor
Pentium III Processor is a processor with an added 70 new instructions that dramatically enhance the ability of high-level imaging, three-dimensional, audio streaming, and video applications as well as voice recognition.
1999: Intel ® Pentium ® III Xeon ® Processor
Intel re-penetrated market by issuing server and workstation Xeon Pentium III but the kind that has 70 SIMD commands. The advantages of this processor is that it can speed up the processing of information from the system bus to the processor, significantly boosting performance. This processor is also designed to integrate with other similar processors.
2000: Intel ® Pentium ® 4 Processor
Processor Intel Pentium IV is a product that speeds up the process is able to penetrate the speed of 3.06 GHz. First time out with a 1.5GHz processor speed formafactor pin 423, after changing intel Intel Pentium 4 processor formfactor a pin 478 which starts from an Intel Pentium 4 1.3 GHz speed until the latest which is currently capable of penetrating up to 3.4 GHz speed.
2001: Intel ® Xeon ® Processor
Intel Pentium 4 Xeon processor is the Intel Pentium 4 processor targeted for high-performance computer server. This processor has a pin number more than the Intel Pentium 4 processor with a memory and a larger L2 cache as well.
2001: Intel ® Itanium ® Processor
Itanium is the first 64-bit processor intended for usage on servers and workstations as well as specific users. Processor has been made to the structure that is completely different from the previous design and technology based on Intel's Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC).
2002: Intel ® Itanium ® 2 Processor
Itanium 2 is the second generation of the Itanium family
2003: Intel ® Pentium ® M Processor
855 chipset, and the Intel ® PRO / WIRELESS 2100 is a component of Intel ® Centrino ™. Intel Centrino are made to meet market demands the existence of a computer that is easy to carry anywhere.
2004: Intel Pentium M processors 735/745/755
Equipped with a 855 chipset with new features 2Mb L2 Cache 400MHz system bus and processor socket compatibility with the Pentium M series before.
2004: Intel E7520/E7320 Chipsets
7320/7520 can be used for dual processor configuration with 800MHz FSB, DDR2 400 memory, PCI Express peripherals and interfaces.
2005: Intel Pentium 4 Extreme Edition 3.73GHz
A processor that is aimed at the market of computer users who want something more than a computer, it uses the configuration 3.73GHz processor frequency, 1.066GHz FSB, EM64T, 2MB L2 cache, and HyperThreading.
2005: Intel Pentium D 820/830/840
Processor 64-bit and dual core called because it uses two pieces of core, with 1MB of L2 cache configuration for each core, 800MHz FSB, and can operate at a frequency of 2.8GHz, 3.0GHz, and 3.2GHz. At the processor type is also included support for HyperThreading.
2006: Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600
Processors for desktop and type used in people who want more power than the computer that he has had 2 cores with 2.4GHz configuration with 8MB L2 cache (up to 4MB per core that can be accessed), 1.06GHz Front-side bus, and thermal design power (TDP)
2006: Quad-core Intel Xeon X3210/X3220
Processor is used for the server type and has 2 cores with each having 2.13 and 2.4GHz configurations, respectively, with 8MB of L2 cache (4MB are accessible to achieve for each core), 1.06GHz Front-side bus, and thermal design power (TDP)
4. Hard Drive
Image of hard drive
Definition Hard Disk is a device or component on a computer that serves as a data storage medium (storage) and also included in one of the external memory of a computer.
How it Works Hard Drive:
1. Do accessing the hard drive to see and determine at the location where the information required is in the hard drive space.
2. In this process, we run the application, operating system, system BIOS, and also a special drivers (depending on the application that we run) to work together, to determine which parts of the disk to be read.
3. Hard drive will work and provide information on where the data / information required is available, until then stated, "The information in the track sector so that is all we need." Well pattern presentation of information provided by the hard drive itself usually follows a geometric pattern.
4. What is meant by a geometric pattern here is a pattern of presentation of the information using terms cylinders, tracks and sectors. When information is found, there will be demand to send the information through the interface hard to give an exact address (sector number, track number, which the cylinder) and after that the information / data on the sector is ready to be read.
5. Controlling the programs on the hard drive checks to determine whether the requested information is already available on the internal buffers owned by the disk (usually called cache or buffer).
6. If it is okay, this controller will supply this information directly, without the need to go back to the plate surface because all the necessary information has been served in the buffer.
7. In many cases, the hard drive spins when most remain above process takes place. But there are also times when, due to the hard disk power management commands to the disk to not spin in order to save energy. Controller board that is in the disk translates instructions and address data requested during the process, it will always alert to ensure the cylinder and track where the required information is stored.
8. Well, this is precisely what the controller board then ask the actuator to move the head to the location in question. When the head has to be in the right location, the controller will enable the head to make the process of reading. Start reading head track after track to find the sector requested. This process is time consuming, and then head up to find the appropriate sector and then to read out the data / information contained therein.
9. Control board will coordinate the flow of information from the hard drive into the temporary storage space (buffer, cache). This information is then transmitted through the interface to the system disk to main memory and executed in accordance with the application or command that we run.
5. CD / DVD-ROM
Image from CD / DVD-ROM
ROM stands for Read Only Memory, which means that data storage can only be read. So the CD-ROM can only be used to read the data, can not be used to store data. But this time, there is a similar tool that can be used to write / save data to a CD. His name CD-RW (CD Read and Write or CD read and write).
The function of CDROM and DVDROM Drive:
To read data from a Compact Disc (CD).
Consists of 2 types:
CD / DVD R (Only able to read data)
CD / DVD RW (Able to read and write data)
The workings of the CD-ROM and CD-RW:
How it works similar to the workings of a hard drive or floppy disk drive. The difference is, the part that is played CDs. The tool is also not head magnetic readers but little power laser beam.
6. Monitor
Picture of Monitor
Monitor is an output device such as a computer screen to display the data and image / data or images is done visually.
Function Monitor:
To simplify the operator of a computer user in the form of visual
How to Work Monitor:
When data is collected by the Control unit, Control unit receiving it in storage after the data output will be displayed in the Monitor.
7. Power Supply
Image of Power Supply
Power Supplay an instrument as a regulator of the electrical current into the CPU.
Function:
Avoid damage to the computer-perangkan due because of irregularity of electrical current that goes
How It Works:
Power Supplay absorbing power, and set the current to devices that are inside
8. Keyboard
Image of Keyboard
The keyboard is a hardware device to enter data in the form of characters, by typing keys or toutch, the number and arrangement of keys on the keyboard there are several types, mimiliki standard 101 keys keyboard, but there is also a type of keyboard that comes with windows key, menu key, Fn key, and even some multi-media keys.
The workings of Keyboard:
Once we provide feedback by pressing a key on the keyboard then prossesor will receive feedback or command, and then translate or process the data and then issue a command to / forward output to a hardware or software related.
9. Mouse
Image of Mouse
Mouse is a computer hardware needed to select or specify objeck something on the screen, and then determine the process execution in a way to "click" button on the mouse.
The workings of Mouse:
Behavior of the mouse is similar to the workings of the keyboard to provide feedback to the processor and then translate or process commands to issue / forward the output to a hardware or software related.
10. Printer
Image of Printer
The printer or printers are tools that display data in printed form, either text or images / graphics, on paper.
Function:
for printing text, images and other displays from computer to paper or similar media. The term is known in the resolution of the printer is called dpi (dots per inch).
How It Works:
Printers are usually divided into several parts, the picker as a pick up paper from the tray. Tray is a place to put kertas.Tinta or toner printer is a tool actually, because there is something called ink or toner used for writing / printing on paper. The difference is the difference in toner and ink system; toner or laser heating needs, while inkjet ink or do not need heating, just cleaning or cleaning the print-head printer.
nah, just so his explanations, hopefully that read this article to understand and can be a computer expert "amen" heheheeh
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